Schizencephaly

  • Schizencephaly is a malformative process with a cleft lined by heterotopic gray matter or polymicrogyria extending from the pial surface to the ependymal lining of the ventricle. Early prenatal germinal matrix injury contributes to the development of this entity and is categorized into two subtypes . Open lip schizencephaly has a varying width CSF cleft . On the contrary , the cleft walls are apposed in the closed subtype with a subtle dimple. Absence of septum pellucidum ( 70% cases) and “septo-optic-dysplasia plus” are some of the notable associations. Porencephaly has similar imaging appearance except for the cleft being lined by white matter instead of gray matter as observed in schizencephaly.

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Lissencephaly